Thursday, April 28, 2011

Series 3: The References for "Bukit Mertajam Free School" Stone Inscription article series

Before I am off from here for next few weeks, I attach the references that I cited when writing the articles about "Bukit Mertajam's Free School"Stone Inscription/大山脚义学堂石碑. The next article would be about the history of Bukit Mertajam.

义学堂-卢荣成撰,Bukit Mertajam's Free School, by Mr Loo





“大山脚义学堂”石碑的注释--卢荣成撰,Notes on "Bukit Mertajam's Free School" Stone Inscription





Pictures of "Bukit Mertajam's Free School" Stone Inscription




"Bukit Mertajam's Free School" Stone Inscription, taken by Han Hung




<<大山脚福德正神庙成立百周年纪念特刊>>封面, The Cover page of "Bukit Mertajam Hock Teik Cheng Sin Temple Centennial Celebrations Special Magazine"





<<本庙历史及建设发展>>, 已故五百恰先生撰,第一页及第二页;"The History and the Development of Hock Teik Cheng Sin Temple (Xuan Tian Temple)", by the late Mr Goh, page 1 and page 2



By Zen Yang ANG
28-4-2011, 4.07pm
Bentley, Western Australia

427的假面游戏


马来西亚的辉煌条纹和中国的五星旗
处处可见。
真想不到,
自己有机会见证这历史性的一天——
中国总理温家宝到访我在深造的学府
马来亚大学。

眼前,是一派风光的场面——
镁光灯,红地毯,大型海报,马中国旗,
到场人士更像是来看偶像演唱会的小粉丝。

然而风光的背后,是什么呢?
逮捕异议人士?内定提问人选?绑架发问权?

忘不了,
亲耳听见“请温总理给我机会。”
忘不了,
亲眼看见警察轻轻压下那高举的手。
这样地
众目睽睽之下。

温总理的演讲,
激昂中带霸气,文雅中显慈祥。
他说,他要和这群朝阳般的青年对话,
要了解青年的理想,感情和愿望,
要从青年身上获得希望,喜悦,还有力量。

然后,我看着三个傀儡,
轻易地拿起话筒,
问着没有理想,没有感情,毫无力量的
被设定好的
问题。

其他高举的手落下了,包括那只被压下来的手,
在高斯校长亲自点名他钟意的傀儡以后。

温总理依然侃侃而谈,
然而我心已冷。
看着警察站在那只手的旁边,
心灰的,又岂止是我呢?

朋友义愤填膺,说要公开完美假象背后的真相,
然而,
在“政治”之名的前提下,
又有什么可被称为真相呢? 

国际超级政治明星的演讲结束了,
一大票的大粒人追随着他跑到礼堂旁边去种樟脑树,
继续着假面之间的政治游戏。

礼堂外,天黑黑,细雨飘零,
我抚着后颈,摸着手臂。
午后渐冷,
然而庆幸
流淌在我身体内的血液
仍是
热的。 


假面的游戏,
在这一天——
427。




2011年4月28日

一棵树

三舍的朋友说:
我回来了……
一如往常:打开门,脱了鞋,拉开窗帘……
幕布揭开,窗外上演“砍树曲”,
我说,
怎么就一夜加上一个早上,
半片丛林落在地上?
不止一次,在马大,我没得到为什么而砍伐的答案,
是谁当初,在我们刚进来时说的不会随意砍伐,
是谁现在,让我们感觉那么轻易对那些树找碴?


四舍的朋友说:
我宿舍的大树也被“腰斩”了,
当初因为副校长那番话而对他留下好感,
现在才知道自己有点单纯。

十二舍的我看到,
宿舍办公室前堆着许多被肢解的木头,树汁仍未干,
然后,我听到了电锯声,
在湖边。

东姑大礼堂旁,
高斯校长陪着温爷爷,
看着他种下了这历史性的
一棵树。

一棵树
救不了
一座森林。



2011年4月27日
(“朋友说”摘自其面子书留言)

Series 2: Translation of the "Bukit Mertajam's Free School" Stone Inscription--Englsih Version

(注意, 下有"大山脚义学堂"碑--原文,分句后的原文,中文翻译及英文翻译。)
(Note, the original inscription (in Chinese Classical) is for showing purpose only, there is a full translation below)

A few days before chinese new year, I invited my mate, Wei Kuan, to go Xuan Tian Miao to jot down a second stone inscription (outside the temple)The second incription was not mentioned by anyone before (also missed the authors of "Chinese Epigraphic Materials in Malaysia Vol 2" (Wolfgang Franke and Chen Tieh Fan) and I accidentally found it when I was eating at the hawker centre. I will translate the second inscription soon.

After I have done with Xuan Tian Miao, I suggested Wei Kuan to follow me to Jit Sin Independent High School because I wish to meet with Mr Loo, the teacher-in-charge of library. When we went into his office, out of my expectation, Wei Kuan greeted Mr Loo with a I-know-you-very-well tone,

"How are you, Mr Loo?".

"Zen Yang, actually Mr Loo is the husband of a our Chinese Teacher in Jit Sin High School,吴幼婷老师, Wei Kuan told me.

"The world is so small!!!" I replied astonishingly.

Then, Wei Kuan helped me to explain to purpose of our visit. And, kindly, Mr Loo suggested us to photocopy articles about the "Bukit Mertajam Free School" (written by Mr Loo) found in the school magazine. His articles helped me a lot in the translation process. I must acknowledge his contribution in my writting.



The following are "original text of the stone inscription", "original text plus punctuation", translation of the original in Chinese and translation of the original text in English.

The "Bukit Mertajam's Free School" Stone Inscription

The following is full Translation of the Inscription in English (英文翻译):

///////////////////////////////////////////////////

Bukit Mertajam's Free School

Personally, we think that the establishment of something new is hard, but does that mean that the maintenance part is easy? If (we) traced back to those years in the past, Bukit Mertajam's Xuan Tian Miao used to set up vegetable and fruit farm. The farm was also the place where local Chinese traded their agricultural products and daily necessities (note that the farm is the current town centre of Bukit Mertajam). Therefore, the temple council/board set up booths for those traders and collected rent from them. Over the years, the collected rental (approximately hundreds of dollars) was used as the fees needed during the annual worshipping activities.

It had been more than 30 years since the establishment of trading booths. Within these 30 years, the in-charge person for the activities worshipping activities was changing (was not the same in-charge person). However, the ability of those managers were different between each other. Some of them were capable while the others were not; each of them was not the same. Some of them viewed worshipping activities of temple as the tool for personal profit, which means that they utilised their positions as the in-charge person to seek for own wealth. Or, some made their own benefits under the guise of other temple expenses (ie they corrupted part of the temple expenses). In some case, when they were suspected and questioned by colleagues, they would be fire disaster of temple as the excuse.

In the year of 1889, one could see that the farm was full of weed just like it was deserted/unmanaged by the people. However, the farm was still a useful wide plain. Considering that the rental collected in past was more than a thousand dollars by the time, the council subsequently had a discussion with the traders. After, they loaned money from loaner and finished their planning, then they started building shops behind the temple. Next, they proceed with the building of tents for the (vegetables) traders. In the autumn of the year, they built another classroom which was used to organise free school.

Within a few years, one could see that the past and present have vast difference. Previously, the plain which was occupied by weed, however, at the moment, the area was fully dominated by overlap-like shops and houses. Previously, the total collected rental was just hundreds of dollars. At the present time, the newly built shops had brought profit of more than a thousand dollars to the temple. The temple set up the free school in order to nurture/produce the talented or outstanding people. With these people, only then the vulgar/uncivilised culture in Bukit Mertajam/Southeast Asia can be converted into a culture which upheld politeness and righteousness.

During each birthday of Gods/Deities, Chinese opera would be performed (as the celebration with Gods/Deities). The fees needed to hire opera troupe would be paid by the temple. This enabled all villagers in Bukit Mertajam to celebrate with joy.

Do you think the change is due to different in-charge people? It was just because the Feng Shui/Fortune of Bukit Mertajam was great. Even though the local rapid development of Bukit Mertajam was due to effective plan, management and execution, the development actually relied heavily on blessings from Gods/Deities. (We) Just hoped that the future generations who succeeded our foundation/career could expand and enrich (add meaningful values into) our foundation. This was great anticipation from us. Therefore, (we) recorded these words, so that the words can be spread to the future generations forever and after. (Therefore, we wrote these words) Just as the preface.

Now, (we) make a list of all expenses and published/engraved them on the left hand side (of this stone inscription):

First decision: During the birthday of Yuan Tiao Shang Di (元天上帝Yuan Tian God Emperor), Tan Gong Bo(谭公伯) and Fu De Zheng Shen(福德正神 the God of Bliss and Virtue),(weneed to organise Chinese operas as the celebration/ceremony. The expenditure of each ceremony can be claimed for the Temple. The Temple Council will provide (a maximum of) 200 dollars to cover the fees needed to hire Chinese opera troupe and other expenses during the ceremony. If there is excess, the money shall be returned to the Temple Council. If it is insufficient, the in-charge person cannot make a second claim.

Second Decision: To organise the free school, two teachers will be employed in a year. The salary of each teacher will be paid by Temple Council.

Third Decision: If poor people is found death in the farm/surrounding of temple, and if the deceased is not claimed by any relative, friend or neighbour, then a coffin can be claimed from the Temple Council in order to prevent the corpse from laying barely in the outdoor.

Each of the decisions is engraved on this stone, so that it can be reserved as the reference in the future. (Hopefully what we do will) Bring glory to our ancestors and bring prosperity to the future generations.

Written in:

GuangXu Emperor’s 21st year —the Yi Wei (32nd year) of Chinese Sexagenary/Sexagesimal Cycle (1895), Winter (August, September or October)

Erected together by the members of Fu De Zheng Shen (Xuan Tian) Temple Board: 黃陳慶、陳換、黃躍松、陳錦隆、陳成貴、張字、王媽賀、黃躍喜

Engraved in:

GuangXu Emperor’s 21st year, which Yi Wei乙未 (32nd year) of Chinese Sexagenary/Sexagesimal Cycle (1895), Winter (August, September or October)

Erected together by the members of Hock Teik Cheng Sin Temple (Xuan Tian Temple) Board: 黃陳慶、陳換、黃躍松、陳錦隆、陳成貴、張字、王媽賀、黃躍喜"

\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\

Translated by Zen Yang ANG

In Xin Mao辛卯 (28th year) of Chinese Sexagenary/Sexagesimal Cycle (2011), Spring, on 25th of Plumens (梅月Plum Month/fourth month of Chinese Calendar), on Gu Yu谷雨(Grain rains/ the 6th solar term), at Shen Shi卯时 (3 to 5 pm) and first Ke (approximately the first 15 minutes)-ie 3.15pm. Bentley, Western Australia.

Note that:

1. Chinese hour is in the form of double-hours where Zi Shi 子时(11pm- 1am), Chou Shi丑时(1am-3am), Yin Shi寅时 (3am-5am), Mao Shi卯时 (5am-7am), Chen Shi辰时 (7am-9am), Si Shi巳时 (9am-11am), Wu Shi午时 (11am-1pm), Wei Shi未时 (1pm-3pm), Shen Shi申时 (3pm-5pm), You Shi酉时 (5pm-7pm), Xu Shi戌时 (7pm-9pm) and Hai Shi亥时 (9pm-11pm).

2. Keis a traditional Chinese unit of decimal time lasting approximately a quarter of a western hour. Traditionally the ke divides a day into 100 equal intervals of 14.4 minutes (14 m 24 s). The ke is equivalent to the centiday. (100 x 14.4 = 24 x 60)

3. 24 Solar Terms (24 points in traditional East Asian lunisolar calendar that matches a particular astronomical event or signifies some natural phenomenon.) - each solar is 15 days. Gu Yu /Grain rains usually starts around 20th April and ends around 5th May.

By Zen Yang ANG
27-4-2011, 3.15pm
Bentley Western Australia.

Friday, April 22, 2011

Series 1: The Discovery of "Bukit Mertajam's Free School" Stone Inscription 大山脚义学堂石碑

The author of "Old Penang, Old lives" Or "Penang--History, Social Life and Customs" <<老槟城, 老生活>>, Toh Zhong Quan杜忠全, mentioned that “The moment I leave my home is the moment I am home”. I think this may be one of the reasons that drives me writing this series.

The following will describe the process I get to know the existence of the "Bukit Mertajam's Free School" Stone Inscription.
The Stone Inscription

A book by Wolfgang Franke and Chen Tieh Fan published in 1985, namely "Chinese Epigraphic Materials in Malaysia Vol 2", collected and recorded the data about Chinese epigraphic materials found Malaysia.
Xuan Tian Temple

My focus today is on the history and establishment of one of the oldest temple in Bukit Mertajam, Xuan Tian Miao 玄天庙(temple name shown by wooden tablet above the main entrance), 伯公庙 Po-Kung Miao (Po-Kung Miao was used Franke and Chen as well as local people) or Hock Teik Cheng Sin Temple 福德正神庙 (formal name by the committee). It is located at Market Street, Bukit Mertajam, Penang.
Market Street

Franke and Chen recorded almost all materials found in Xuan Tian Miao which included wooden tablets, wooden altar, stone pillar, stone inscription (set up on the occasion of donations made for the building the temple). However, the most of important stone inscription-- the "Bukit Mertajam's Free School" Stone Tablet (<<大山脚义学堂>>石碑) was left out. The reason for that was because the stone inscription was previously placed at the left side of the temple and it was blocked by wooden desk which was used by the hawker. Note the surrounding of the temple is a busy market place and hawker centre. The stone was rediscovered by Mr Loo (卢荣成老师), a teacher in Jit Sin Independent School, who is enthusiastic in the history of Bukit Mertajam.
Xuan Tian Temple (dawn)

Everything started when I invited Han Hung, one of my friends, to go Bukit Mertajam town to have a few snapshots. As usual, I passed by Xuan Tian Miao. However, this time I am determined to snap everything in the temple since I have wanted to do so a long time ago. More than 100 hundred years old chairs, desks, altar, a patio that cleverly designed to increase air circulation and light availability (remember that fans and electrical light could be found in 100 years ago). When I was taking my snapshot on a few stone inscriptions in temple, a particular one caught my attention. It is because most of the stone inscriptions that I have seen before were set up on the occasion of donations made for the building the temple. However, this stone inscription was not in the form of Vernacular Chinese. Instead, it is in Classical Chinese or Literary Chinese. (Note that Classical Chinese/Literary Chinese is a traditional style of written Chinese based on the grammar and vocabulary of ancient Chinese, making it different from any modern spoken form of Chinese. Classical Chinese was once used for almost all formal correspondence before and during the beginning of the 20th century. from Wikipedia). My previously exposure to Classical Chinese enable me to understand 75% the inscriptions. (I will provide the full translation of the stone inscription in my next writing). When I am having difficulty to understand the rest of the inscription, an 40-50s lady approached us and asked,
I was copying the inscription

"What are you doing there, young man?"

"We are copying down the inscription and trying hard to understand to the content" I answered and thought that she might be just another ordinary person who was curious about what we were doing.

My friend, Han Hung, actually knew the lady and he asked "Aunty, do you understand the inscription or not?"

"Of course I know" she answered with confidence.
The copy of inscription of my notebook 1

"What?? impossible, how can it be" I think.
"Aunty, are you sure?" I asked her with doubt tone. (I know I am bad)
"Indeed, why not" she reconfirmed.

I was really shocked by her answer and at the same time, I was very excited because I finally found someone who could read the inscriptions (because there were a few characters that we could not understand). We asked about the few words that we could read and she answered us without thinking about explained to us the meaning of a few sentences before she rushed to her "grocery shopping" (to buy groceries from nearby hawker and wet market). Before she went away, she suggested to get a copy of "Bukit Mertajam Hock Teik Cheng Sin Temple Centennial Celebrations Special Magazine" 大山脚福德正神庙成立百周年纪念特刊 (published in 1986) from Hock Teik Cheng Sin Committee which was based in Jit Sin Independent School. She also recommended me to see the library in-charge teacher of Jit Sin Independent High School, Mr Loo, as he has deep interest in the history of Bukit Mertajam. She us that Mr Loo requested the temple committee to relocate the stone inscription into the temple and painted the inscription with golden paint. I could see why Mr Loo requested relocation based on my 75% understanding of the inscription content, ie. it is really an important stone inscription.

The copy of inscription of my notebook 2

Han Hung and I subsequently went to Hock Teik Cheng Sin administrative office to get a copy of the special magazine. Due to out of print, the officer allowed me to photocopy the whole magazine, which contained the history of Xuan Tian Miao, Bukit Mertajam, chinese school in Bukit Mertajam as well as articles about Bukit Mertajam which were written by a few locals. We could not meet Mr Loo because it was a Sunday and I had decided to meet him on week day.

The following article will describe how I came across Mr Loo and get the full translation of the "Bukit Mertajam's Free School" Stone Inscription.


Zen Yang ANG
205am, 23-4-2011
Bentley, Western Australia

Random thoughts when showering

When I was taking my shower this morning, my mind started to review what I have done in the past 8 weeks.
It has been 8 weeks of fully occupied life since university started. I will not use "busy" as the word to describe my past 8 weeks because "busy" is sort of negative wording for me. When you do something you like and fully occupied by that, would you describe that as "busy"? Well, different people have got different answer for that.

The fully occupation is to a state that I haven't actually cleaned my room properly (eg. vacuum, desk cleaning, floor sweeping and mopping etc)-- usually I will clean my room on the very first day I reach Perth. My friends were shocked when I told them about the fact. In fact, it is just a 30 minutes business. Unfortunately, cleanliness is not on top of my priority list, ie I think that there are other important things for me to accomplish.

The 6 weeks pharmacy training was stressful and challenging for
me mainly because I don't have any practical experience. Thanks for patient lecturers and pharmacists who gave me chance and guided me throughout the process, I have learnt a lot--pharmacy knowledge, the way I learn and solve problems, the way I cope with pressure (still incompetent with "de-pressurisation"). Because it involved a third party, it is not a good idea for me to give examples over here due to privacy issue. With 6 weeks of continuous preparation and 2 weeks of intense revision, I passed my oral exam. Yeah!!! (a lot of things to learn indeed), ended up going out with friends to have dim sum to award myself.

Ragging wave of thunder storm has calmed down finally. My thought shifted again.

"I like pharmacy course, right?" I questioned myself.

"Yes"I answered myself.

"Then why am I so stressed when I am studying, aren't we supposed to be very happy to learn pharmacy stuff?" I asked myself.

"Yes, I enjoyed pharmacy stuff, when I come to think of exams, my head starts to become a pressure cooker"

"Aren't exams supposed to test your competency? you should be happy that you can test yourself on how much you know" I questioned myself again.

"If purely testing is okay for me, if the element of "pass" and "fail" are incorporated, I will be stressful"

"But, without a border line to determine pass and fail, how the school determines whether you are a competent pharmacist or not? Anyone can be a pharmacist."
So, I realised that it is a dead-ended questioning and answering session.

But, I do realise something. If I can change my mind from pursuing "a pass in exams" to "test your competency", I believe I can learn happily. Also, I also realise that the fact that one semester consists of only 12 studying weeks, I have to follow the pace set by university (unfortunately, I have no power to change the system, it seems that changing myself is the best way--with the condition that my passion is still with me along the process).

I like showering. Day time shower allows me to plan for my day; Night time shower enable me to review what have done on the day and how to do it better in the future. Sometimes, it is a place where I run away from reality =)

Zen Yang ANG
1228pm, 22-4-2011 (Earth Day)
Bentley, Western Australia



Thursday, April 21, 2011

Bukit Mertajam--the series

Six weeks of pharmacy training has finally ended. It is time for me to write up something I have been researching since January this year. It is the series of articles about Bukit Mertajam.














Reason??
1. Because it is my hometown. I feel guilty for not knowing the history of Bukit Mertajam
2. Because not many researchers studying the history of Bukit Mertajam and therefore not many references around, especially in English language.
3. Because I am interested in history and researching about Bukit Mertajam history is part of my spiritual life (pls see 有感而发 by Chin Hou if you wish to understand the physical and spiritual lives)
4 Because I want to share it to everyone
















I must admit that I am not a historical researcher and my writing will not meet the standard for sure. So it is a platform for:

1 Those who are interested in Bukit Mertajam.
2 Future researchers who like to study Bukit Mertajam ( I will provide references at the end of each writing).















Zen Yang ANG
1114pm, 21-4-2011
Bentley, Perth

Monday, April 18, 2011

Motivation

I came across this article about motivation...not too much about inspiring nor motivating oneself, but more towards the defintion of "motive" = WHY ARE YOU DOING THIS/THAT?

Many times in life, we never thought deeply on the reason we are doing something or maybe never held on to that reason long enough... Taking working for instance, many people started off with great passion and energy like revving up and having a good pickup...aspiring to be the best in whatever they do, going the extra mile....But as time moved on, one started to feel exhausted like running low on fuel...work seemed mundane and purposeless...well, work is just another thing to get over with another day...

It's like why people just can't be disciplined enough to blog more frequently? *Talking about myself*...I think the word "discipline" is fictitious! Woot...that's quite a statement...getting philosophical...Think about it, how many times have you said to yourself, "I want to be more disciplined.", but still failed? Discipline is just a word to describe a character/behaviour of someone consistently doing something or not doing something...but how do they actually do that? You have to find what motivates him/her to do that...that's the key...

After digressing so much, back to topic...

"Dan Ariely, a professor at Duke University, and James Heyman, a professor at the University of St. Thomas, explored this idea of motivation. They set up a computer with a circle on the left side of the screen and a square on the right side, and asked participants to use the mouse to drag the circle into the square. Once they did, a new circle appeared on the left. The task was to drag as many circles as they could within five minutes.

Some participants received five dollars, some fifty cents, and some were asked to do it as a favor. How hard did each group work? The five dollar group dragged, on average, 159 circles. The fifty cents group dragged 101 circles. And the group that was paid nothing but asked to do it as a favor? They dragged 168 circles."

Another example...

"The AARP asked some lawyers if they would reduce their fee to $30 an hour to help needy retirees. The lawyers' answer was no. Then AARP had a counterintuitive brainstorm: they asked the lawyers if they would do it for free. The answer was overwhelmingly yes.

Because when we consider whether to do something, we subconsciously ask ourselves a simple question: "Am I the kind of person who . . ?" And money changes the question. When the lawyers were offered $30 an hour their question was "Am I the kind of person who works for $30 an hour?" The answer was clearly no. But when they were asked to do it as a favor? Their new question was "Am I the kind of person who helps people in need?" And then their answer was yes."

I remembered another story by SK about how to persuade his little brother to eat more vegetables...If you asked him to eat more of his own plate, he won't eat it because he doesn't like it. You tried to tell him the "story" about how healthy vegetables are...but still he does not give into that idea...But telling a different "story", if you asked him to help you to eat it because you felt too full (even if you made it up)...he will just happily finish everything on your plate!

This is the story about motivation! People tend to think of themselves as stories. When you interact with someone, you're playing a role in her story. And whatever you do, or whatever she does, or whatever you want her to do, needs to fit into that story in some satisfying way. When you want something from someone, ask yourself what story that person is trying to tell about himself, and then make sure that your role and actions are enhancing that story in the right way.

We can stoke another person's internal motivation not with more money, but by understanding, and supporting, his story. Taking the story of the little brother eating vege, one can say "Hey bro, I know you don't have to eat these vegetables, but the fact that you help me eat that -that's a great thing. I appreciate it" which reinforces the little brother's self-concept — his story — that he's the kind of person who despite hating vegetables, but still sacrifice and help his elder brother to eat it because he was too full...


I think you get the idea...If you feel worn out at work, think about what was the initial story that you were supposed to tell...If you have a bad habit to curb, think about what story you are going to tell in the future...


Start right now! Be it thinking about your own story or help other people tell their story...


Now I started to wonder what my "story" is behind writing this blog...